English
Tagraíonn éilliú cille do shubstaintí eachtracha a mheascadh isteach sa timpeallacht chultúir cille chun comhpháirteanna díobhálacha a tháirgeadh agus eisíontas cille a chur faoi deara. Tá go leor éilliúcháin coitianta nuair a shaothraítear cealla i 1. Beidh cothaithigh riachtanacha do chultúr na gceall, mar aimínaigéid, tocsaineach do chealla freisin má sháraíonn an tiúchan an raon cuí., ina measc is cineál an-tábhachtach agus coitianta é truailliú ceimiceach. Ní chuireann na ceimiceáin seo bac ar fhás cille i gcónaí ach an oiread. Is féidir le roinnt substaintí, mar hormóin, fás cille a chur chun cinn i monarchana cille, ach is féidir le substaintí neamhíonaithe, meáin, uisce, serum, comhfhachtóirí fáis, agus coimeádáin chun imoibrithe a stóráil a bheith ina bhfoinsí truaillithe ceimiceacha.
2. Tá ceanglais dhifriúla ag línte cille difriúla maidir le serum agus maolán faoi na coinníollacha cultúir is fearr, ar cheart iad a rialú go docht le linn cultúir.
3. Is é an éilliú ceimiceach is coitianta ná dínádúraithe iarmharach nó gallúnach (go hiondúil ar dhromchla istigh caipín an bhuidéil) atá fágtha sa phróiseas glantacháin gloine.
4. Is é an t-uisce an t-aon chomhdhúil a athraíonn ar sholadú, mar sin ba chóir an fachtóir seo a chur san áireamh agus coimeádán á roghnú le haghaidh cealla crió-chaomhnú.
5. D'fhonn éilliú uisce ag iain miotail, móilíní orgánacha, tocsainí intracellular agus substaintí eile a sheachaint, ní mór uisce ultrapure gan neamhíonachtaí a úsáid nuair a bhíonn leachtanna á n-ullmhú agus coimeádáin ghlanadh.
6. Is meán nádúrtha é serum ainmhithe a úsáidtear go coitianta i gcultúr na gceall, ach is foinse féideartha éilliúcháin bhitheolaíoch agus ceimiceach é serum. Braitheann an cumas chun fás a chur chun cinn agus éifeachtaí tocsaineacha agus fo-iarsmaí serum ar chealla éagsúla ar fhachtóirí mar fheidhm difreála na gcealla seo, foinse fíocháin agus comhdhéanamh an mheáin. Agus sraith turgnaimh á seoladh, d'fhonn atrialltacht an turgnaimh a chinntiú, is fearr an bhaisc chéanna de serum a úsáid. Ina theannta sin, tá sé an-tábhachtach freisin an meán cultúir agus imoibrithe a ullmhú agus a stóráil i gceart. Ba cheart nósanna imeachta caighdeánacha oibriúcháin a ghlacadh chun earráidí a sheachaint, amhail earráidí ríomh toirte leachta agus meascadh comhdhúile comhchosúla. Má dhéantar na fachtóirí seo a rialú i dturgnaimh shaothrú cille, is féidir an dóchúlacht éillithe a laghdú agus an próiseas turgnamhach a bhrostú.
5. In order to avoid the contamination of water by metal ions, organic molecules, intracellular toxins and other substances, ultrapure water without impurities must be used when preparing liquids and cleaning containers.
6. Animal serum is a natural medium commonly used in cell culture, but serum is a potential source of biological and chemical contamination. The growth-promoting ability and toxic and side effects of serum on different cells depend on factors such as the differentiation function of these cells, the tissue source and the composition of the medium. When conducting a series of experiments, in order to ensure the repeatability of the experiment, it is best to use the same batch of serum.
The above are common chemical contaminations when culturing cells in cell factories. In addition, it is also very important to prepare and store the culture medium and reagents correctly. Standard operating procedures should be taken to avoid errors such as liquid volume calculation errors and mixing of similar compounds. Controlling these factors in cell culture experiments can reduce the probability of contamination and speed up the experimental process.
The FAI climbed 5.9 percent year-on-year in the first 11 months of 2018, quickening from the 5.7-percent growth in Jan-Oct, the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) said Friday in an online statement.
The key indicator of investment, dubbed a major growth driver, hit the bottom in August and has since started to rebound steadily.
In the face of emerging economic challenges home and abroad, China has stepped up efforts to stabilize investment, in particular rolling out measures to motivate private investors and channel funds into infrastructure.
Friday's data showed private investment, accounting for more than 60 percent of the total FAI, expanded by a brisk 8.7 percent.
NBS spokesperson Mao Shengyong said funds into weak economic links registered rapid increases as investment in environmental protection and agriculture jumped 42 percent and 12.5 percent respectively, much faster than the average.
In breakdown, investment in high-tech and equipment manufacturing remained vigorous with 16.1-percent and 11.6-percent increases respectively in the first 11 months. Infrastructure investment gained 3.7 percent, staying flat. Investment in property development rose 9.7 percent, also unchanged.